I'd add this resource to the ones previously listed, sometimes there are openings from both European and North American companies hiring remotely people located in Europe: https://clojurejobboard.com
Cyclically job market has ups and downs, now is definitely a "down" period unfortunately. One year ago I was out seeking for a new position and new openings were more frequent. It will be "up" again later on (can't tell precisely when).
For what I see companies hiring for Clojure devs tend to be open to people coming from other languages. In general, anyone out seeking their first job is going to stumble in this silly hurdle of "companies wanting only people with experience" and with other languages or entirely different careers isn't any better (maybe even worse, with more people targeting mainstream/trendy languages), we've all been there. Sadly companies don't seem to get any better from this perspective. ¯_(ツ)_/¯
On your question "do you think Clojure is going to become more popular" I'm going to be honest: I don't think so, Clojure is a niche language and likely to remain a niche or to increase in popularity slowly and progressively (happy to be proven wrong!). But fear not, working with a niche language has its perks: as you might have already noticed, a language sometimes is just so much better than anything else, definitely there's no relation between language value and popularity. Moreover, people around Clojure tend to be more passionate, inspiring, and intentional in what they're doing, less likely to boringly use a language only because they need a job to pay the bills. This makes interactions with fellow devs (in and out of job, in case you'll start following a local o remote community) more purposeful, interesting, and engaging.
Best of luck from a fellow career changer (master degree in history; today >15 years as a professional software dev)! :)