One line reproduce:
clojure -Srepro -Sdeps '{:deps {org.clojure/clojurescript {:mvn/version "1.10.520"} org.clojure/core.async {:mvn/version "1.3.610"}}}' -m cljs.main -re node -e "(require '[clojure.core.async :refer [go]]) (go (try (try (throw (ex-info "err" {:ex 42})) (catch js/Error e (throw e)) (finally (prn :finally))) (catch js/Error e (prn :catch2))))"
I tested with {clj,cljs} x {with-go,without-go} and it only work on cljs
with go